Local government in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is divided into a number of classifications. There are three categories of townships - townships of the First, Second and Third Class. East Whiteland Township is a Township of the Second Class. It is governed by a three-member Board of Supervisors elected at-large, who each serve six-year terms that include executive and legislative responsibilities.

The Board of Supervisors is empowered to appoint professionals to assist it in the daily operation of Township business and to provide advice and counsel on technical matters. Additionally, the Board appoints all members of various boards and commissions including the Zoning Hearing Board and the Planning Commission. The Board of Supervisors also hears conditional use applications in accordance with the Municipalities Planning Code and the East Whiteland Township Zoning Ordinance.

The Board of Supervisors levies Township taxes and appropriations to various departments as well as to subsidiary boards and commissions. In November and December, public hearings are held to review the budget for the following year. Residents are encouraged to attend these meetings to review and comment on the proposed budget.

The Board of Supervisors meets on the second Wednesday of each month at 7 p.m. to conduct regular Township business.